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Crypto Sales Prior to AY 2022–23: Taxable as Capital Gains?

The Raunaq Prakash Jain v. Income Tax Officer case addresses a significant cryptocurrency transaction-related taxation issue in India, i.e., whether gains arising from cryptocurrency sales should be taxed as “capital gains” or “income from other sources”. This decision is particularly important because it clarifies the tax treatment of cryptocurrency gains before the introduction of the specific tax regime for virtual digital assets (“VDA”) with effect from April 1, 2022.

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Tax reassessment proceedings: Supreme Court puts TOLA controversy to rest

The Supreme Court (“SC”) recently addressed the validity of reassessment notices in Rajeev Bansal[1], issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (“IT Act”), from April 1, 2021, to June 30, 2021, even though the reassessment regime had been overhauled with effect from April 1, 2021. The Revenue argued that these notices fell under the Taxation and Other Laws (Relaxation of Certain Provisions) Ordinance, 2020 (“TOLA”), which relaxed the time limits for reassessment due to the COVID-19 pandemic (“Pandemic”). However, several High Courts, including the Allahabad and Gujarat High Courts,[2] had ruled that such notices were subject to the new reassessment provisions introduced by the Finance Act, 2021, and hence, without the applicability of TOLA, were time-barred. The SC, in this landmark decision, ruled in favour of the Revenue, by upholding the validity of TOLA and laid down several jurisprudential observations in its judgement.

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The India–Mauritius Double Tax Avoidance Agreement (“DTAA”), entered into in 1983, has since been the subject matter of contentious litigations. The well-drafted and reasoned ruling of the Delhi High Court (“Delhi HC”), which explains the availability of benefits to a Mauritius-based investor, the significance of the tax residency certificate (“TRC”), the limitation of benefits (“LoB”) clause, and the grandfathering provision in the treaty, has provided much-anticipated relief and certainty to the taxpayers.

Continue Reading Delhi High Court grants tax-treaty benefits to Tiger Global’s Flipkart exit
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Union Budget boost to GIFT IFSC: Looking at a golden future

With numerous legislative reforms, the government has demonstrated a sincere commitment towards achieving Viksit Bharat, or ‘Developed India’ by 2047. While presenting the Union Budget for financial year 2024-25, on July 23, 2024, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman introduced significant changes to enhance ease of doing business in the International Financial Services Centre (“IFSC”), Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (“GIFT City”). This Budget promises a supportive environment for growth and development, thus giving a fillip to aspiring entities, desiring to have a presence in GIFT IFSC.

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Budget 2024: Expectations and way ahead

BUDGET 2024: A CATALYST FOR FINANCIAL INNOVATION AND FINTECHS

The Indian government has been introducing pivotal reforms in the Budget to bolster the economy and increase the attractiveness and competitiveness of the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) globally. These reforms will help foster a robust financial ecosystem, capable of supporting the nation’s ambitious economic goals of becoming a developed country. The 2024 Budget is a curious wait for foreign organisations looking to enter India as well as the IFSC. The aim is to enhance the organisational reach of such foreign companies not only in India, but across the world.

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First judgment on GAAR holds bonus-stripping to be an impermissible tax-avoidance arrangement

The provisions of General Anti-Avoidance Rules (“GAAR”) were implemented into Income Tax Act, 1961 (“IT Act”), for the first time with effect from the financial year 2017–18. The GAAR provisions provide the Indian Revenue Authorities (“IRA”) with wide powers, including even recharacterising a transaction, ignoring a part or the whole of a series of transactions, disallowing expenses incurred, etc., if the main purpose of the transaction was to obtain tax benefits. Considering the aggressive nature in which the IRA generally scrutinises the GAAR cases, the industry is always apprehensive that these GAAR provisions could be invoked in a wide-spread manner. However, much to the relief of the taxpayers, the IRA have rarely invoked these provisions.

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Delhi HC delivers an important pronouncement on permanent establishment

In a significant decision delivered recently, the Hon’ble High Court of Delhi (“Hon’ble HC”) has shot down the case of the Income Tax Department (“ITD”) wherein the ITD had alleged three kinds of permanent establishments (“PE”). In Progress Rail Locomotive Inc.[1] (“Assessee”), the ITD intended to target the Assessee by putting it in all three conceivable PE silos i.e., Fixed Place PE, Service PE and dependent agent PE (“DAPE”) and used it as reasons to reopen the case. The Hon’ble HC rejected the contentions of the ITD by holding them to be prima facie unsustainable.

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Premium Received on Redemption of Debentures: Taxed as Interest or Capital Gains?

Background

While debentures have been a common mode of raising debt for companies, there still remains ambiguity regarding the taxation of certain income earned from debentures. Taxation of premium received on redemption of debentures is one such issue.

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Google Adwords program is not taxable as either “royalty” or “Fee for technical services” in India

The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, Bangalore (“Tribunal”), recently in Google Ireland Ltd. v. DCIT[1] allowed an appeal by Google Ireland Ltd (“Google Ireland”) and held that the payments received from Google India Pvt Ltd (“Google India”) for granting marketing & distribution rights of Google AdWords program were not in the nature of “royalty” or fee for technical services (“FTS”) and consequently it could not be brought to tax in India.

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Are TDS provisions tedious? Opportune time for simplification

The Tax Deducted at Source (“TDS”) provisions under the Indian Income Tax Act of 1961 (“IT Act”) have been the cornerstone of the country’s tax architecture. A payer (or a deductor) is expected to be vigilant at the time of entering into any transaction, so that the required taxes are duly deducted and deposited with the Government where required, to avoid any adverse implications including penal consequences later. TDS mechanism, under Indian tax laws, has been a useful tool to collect taxes, targeting income at source itself.

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